Skip to content Planning a trip to Turkey in 2024? Youโre in for an unforgettable adventure! From ancient wonders to stunning natural landscapes, Turkey offers a mix of experiences that cater to every type of traveler. Whether youโre a history buff, a beach lover, or an adventure seeker, this bucket list will guide you through 25 must-see and do experiences that will make your trip truly special.
Key Takeaways
- Turkey offers a diverse range of experiences, from historical sites to natural wonders.
- Istanbul is rich in historical landmarks, including the Hagia Sophia and the Blue Mosque.
- Natural attractions like Pamukkale and Mount Nemrut are must-see destinations.
- Unique experiences such as a hot air balloon ride in Cappadocia provide unforgettable memories.
- Turkeyโs blend of Eastern and Western cultures makes it a unique travel destination.
1. Hagia Sophia
Hagia Sophia, located in the heart of Istanbulโs Sultanahmet District, is a must-see for any visitor. This architectural marvel has a rich history, having been a Byzantine cathedral, an Ottoman mosque, a museum, and now a mosque again since 2020. Its massive golden dome and intricate mosaics are breathtaking.
Allow about two hours to explore the entire building. You can start your adventure with a walking tour on the path of Byzantine, delving into the Hippodrome of Constantinople and the surrounding areas. Donโt miss the Norse inscriptions and the Sultanโs tombs inside the mosque.
- Location: Sultan Ahmet, Ayasofya Meydanฤฑ, 34122 Fatih/ฤฐstanbul, Turkey
- Timing: 9amโ5pm
Hagia Sophia is not just a building; itโs a journey through time, showcasing layers of history and culture.
2. Blue Mosque
The Blue Mosque, also known as the Sultan Ahmed Mosque, is a stunning example of classical Ottoman architecture. Built between 1609 and 1616 under the orders of Sultan Ahmet I, it was designed to rival the grandeur of the Hagia Sophia. With its six slender minarets and a grand central dome, the Blue Mosque dominates Istanbulโs skyline. The interior is adorned with over 21,000 hand-painted tiles, mostly in shades of blue, which give the mosque its popular name.
Visitors to the Blue Mosque can explore its rich history and stunning architecture. The mosque combines Byzantine elements with traditional Islamic design, creating a unique and breathtaking structure. The area surrounding the mosque was once the site of the Byzantine emperorsโ Great Palace, adding another layer of historical significance to your visit.
When planning your visit, keep in mind that the Blue Mosque is an active place of worship. Visitors are required to follow specific rules, such as removing their shoes and dressing modestly. The mosque is free to enter, making it an accessible and must-see destination for anyone visiting Istanbul.
3. Grand Bazaar
The Grand Bazaar in Istanbul is the oldest shopping mall in the world and possibly the biggest, with around 5,000 shops to explore. This historic market is like a treasure trove, with 66 streets covered by stone vaulting and enclosed by a wall. Itโs a place where you can find everything from diamonds to dishcloths, making it an everyday market as well as a tourist attraction.
During peak times, the Grand Bazaar can host up to half a million people within its walls. While it may not be the best place for bargains, it offers an unparalleled treat for the senses and is an essential part of the Istanbul experience.
- Location: Istanbul, Turkey
- Number of Shops: Approximately 5,000
- Streets Covered: 66
- Peak Visitors: Up to 500,000 people
Visiting the Grand Bazaar is like stepping into a different world, where the past and present blend seamlessly. The vibrant atmosphere and the sheer variety of goods make it a must-see destination in Istanbul.
4. Basilica Cistern
Dive into the depths of Istanbul to explore the Basilica Cistern, an ancient underground reservoir. This mysterious and chilly site is a must-see for anyone visiting the city. Built during the reign of Byzantine Emperor Justinian I in the 6th century, the cistern was designed to store and filter water for the palaces of the Ottoman emperors.
The cistern is vast, capable of holding 80,000 cubic meters of water, and is roughly the size of two football fields. As you wander through, youโll notice the 336 marble columns that support the structure, each one unique and some even repurposed from earlier buildings. Keep an eye out for the two Medusa heads at the base of one of the columnsโthey add a touch of eerie charm to the already mysterious ambiance.
- Location: Istanbul, Turkey
- Built: 6th century
- Capacity: 80,000 cubic meters
- Columns: 336 marble columns
The Basilica Cistern, with its impressive architecture and cultural impact, is a must-visit destination for anyone traveling to Turkey. Whether youโre a history buff or just looking for a unique experience, this underground palace wonโt disappoint.
5. Chora Church
The Chora Church, also known as the Kariye Museum, is a hidden gem in Istanbul. This Greek Orthodox Church is renowned for its stunning frescoes and mosaics that depict the life of Jesus Christ. Originally built as a Byzantine church, it was later converted into a mosque and then a museum in 1945.
Highlights
- Frescoes and Mosaics: The church is famous for its detailed artwork, which dates back to the 1300s.
- Historical Significance: The Chora Church offers a glimpse into Byzantine art and architecture.
- Transformation: Over the centuries, it has served as a church, mosque, and museum.
Donโt miss the chance to explore this beautiful treasure, which should sit high atop your bucket list when visiting Istanbul.
6. Galata Tower
The Galata Tower, known in Turkish as Galata Kulesi, is one of Istanbulโs most iconic landmarks. Built-in 1348, this medieval stone tower stands meters tall and offers some of the most breathtaking views of Istanbul.
History and Architecture
Originally constructed as a watchtower, the Galata Tower has served various purposes over the centuries, including as a fire tower, barracks, and even a dungeon. Its cylindrical shape and conical roof make it a unique architectural marvel.
What to Expect
Visitors can climb to the top of the tower to enjoy panoramic vistas of the city. The observation deck provides a 360-degree view, making it a perfect spot for photography. Inside, youโll find a small museum detailing the towerโs history and a cafรฉ where you can relax and take in the views.
Tips for Visiting
- Best Time to Visit: Early morning or late afternoon to avoid the crowds.
- Tickets: Available at the entrance; consider buying in advance during peak tourist season.
- Nearby Attractions: After visiting the tower, explore the vibrant Galata District, known for its historic streets, shops, and cafes.
7. Topkapi Palace
Topkapi Palace served as the administrative center of the Ottoman Empire for 400 years until the mid-1800s. This grand palace is a must-see for anyone visiting Istanbul. One of the best places to visit in Topkapi Palace is the Harem, where the mother of the sultan, his wives, and his concubines lived. The palace is filled with room after room of exquisite tile work. If you visit in the spring, the gardens are filled with tulips and hyacinths, making it even more beautiful. Plus, the views of Istanbul from here are amazing.
8. Suleymaniye Mosque
The Suleymaniye Mosque, perched on the Third Hill of Istanbul, is a must-see for anyone visiting the city. Built by Sultan Suleyman the Magnificent during the Golden Age of the Ottoman Empire, this mosque is older than the Blue Mosque by 60 years. Its open and airy interior makes it one of the grandest mosques in Istanbul.
The mosque complex was designed to be more than just a place of worship. It originally included a soup kitchen, seminary, hospital, inn, library, bazaar, tombs, and restaurants. Some of these facilities are still in use today. While there is no formal ticket price, donations are welcome to help maintain this magnificent space.
The views over the Golden Horn are excellent too! Date of experience: April 2024.
9. Eminonu Square
Eminonu Square is a bustling and slightly chaotic area in Istanbul. Located on the Golden Horn, this harbor area is a hive of activity all day long. From here, you can visit mosques, the Spice Market, and famous restaurants, or catch a ferry to various parts of Istanbul. This is Istanbul in action.
Things to Do in Eminonu Square
- Visit the Spice Market: A must-see for anyone who loves spices, Turkish delight, and other local treats.
- Explore Local Mosques: There are several historic mosques nearby that are worth a visit.
- Catch a Ferry: The ferry services from Eminonu can take you to many interesting places around Istanbul.
- Dine at Famous Restaurants: Eminonu is home to some of Istanbulโs most famous eateries.
Eminonu, one of the tourist spots and historic places, is easily accessible with nearby tram stations, buses, and taxis. Eatery shops and cafes can be found here, making it a convenient stop for travelers.
10. Galata Bridge
The Galata Bridge is an iconic structure that spans the Golden Horn, connecting the older sections of Istanbul with the more modern neighborhoods. A walk across this bridge is a must while in Istanbul. The bridge offers stunning views of the city and is a great spot to capture memories by the Golden Horn.
Things to Do on Galata Bridge
- Fishing: Many locals and tourists enjoy fishing off the sides of the bridge. Itโs a common sight to see fishing lines dangling into the water below.
- Dining: The lower level of the bridge is lined with restaurants and cafes where you can enjoy a meal with a view. Fresh seafood is a popular choice here.
- Walking: A pleasant 10-minute walk from the quite remarkable cruise terminal, the iconic Galata Bridge spans the Golden Horn, connecting Istanbulโs two European sides. Itโs a great way to experience the hustle and bustle of the city.
The Galata Bridge is not just a means of crossing the Golden Horn; itโs a vibrant part of Istanbulโs daily life, offering a unique blend of history, culture, and modernity.
11. Rustem Pasha Mosque
Rustem Pasha Mosque is a hidden gem in Istanbul. Although small in size, it boasts some of the finest Iznik tile work in the city. The mosque was built in 1561 by Rustem Pasha, a grand vizier to Suleiman the Magnificent. The intricate tiles cover both the interior and exterior walls, creating a stunning visual experience.
12. Spice Market
The Spice Market, also known as Mฤฑsฤฑr รarลฤฑsฤฑ, is a must-visit destination in Istanbul. Built-in the 17th century, this vibrant bazaar is a sensory feast, offering a colorful and fragrant wonderland. As you wander through the market, youโll encounter a diverse array of fresh spices, nuts, dried fruits, and Turkish delight. Itโs a paradise for food lovers and a cultural experience in its own right.
What to Expect
- Aromatic Spices: Discover a wide variety of spices that will tantalize your senses.
- Delicious Treats: Indulge in Turkish delight, nuts, and dried fruits.
- Cultural Experience: Immerse yourself in the east-meets-west culture of Istanbul.
Tips for Visiting
- Go Early: To avoid the crowds, visit the market early in the morning.
- Bargain Wisely: While itโs not the best place for bargains, you can still try your hand at negotiating prices.
- Take Your Time: Spend time exploring the different stalls and soaking in the atmosphere.
The Spice Market is not just a place to shop; itโs an essential part of the Istanbul experience. The marketโs rich history and vibrant atmosphere make it a highlight of any trip to the city.
13. Bosphorus Cruise
A Bosphorus Cruise is a must-do experience when visiting Istanbul. This cruise offers a unique perspective of the city, as it spans two continents, Europe and Asia, divided by the Bosphorus River. Taking part in our Bosphorus tours, you will have experiences that will be forever engraved in your heart.
The cruise typically departs from Eminonu in the morning and heads north towards the Black Sea. Along the way, youโll pass by iconic landmarks such as the Blue Mosque and the Hagia Sophia. Midday, the cruise stops at the small fishing village of Anadolu Kavagi, where you can enjoy a delicious lunch. From there, a short 15-minute walk uphill will take you to Yoros Castle, offering stunning views of the Black Sea.
By 5 pm, the cruise returns to the Golden Horn in Istanbul. This relaxing day allows you to sit back and watch Istanbul glide by as you cruise the Bosphorus.
For a more budget-friendly option, consider taking the commuter ferry from Eminonu to Kadikoy. This round trip takes about an hour and costs just a few dollars. Itโs a great way to mix with the locals and enjoy views of the Sultanahmet District, especially at sunset.
- **Highlights of the Bosphorus Cruise: **
- Depart from Eminonu
- Pass by the Blue Mosque and Hagia Sophia
- Lunch at Anadolu Kavagi
- Visit Yoros Castle
- Return to the Golden Horn
A Bosphorus Cruise is a perfect way to see more of Istanbul and experience the beauty of the Bosphorus River. Whether you choose a full-day cruise or a short ferry ride, the views and experiences will be unforgettable.
14. Istiklal Street
Istiklal Street is a famous pedestrian street in the New District of Istanbul. This bustling area is known for its vibrant atmosphere and diverse offerings. Stretching from Taksim Square to Galata Tower, it is a must-visit for anyone exploring the city.
Things to Do on Istiklal Street
- Shopping: From international brands like Gap and Nike to local boutiques, Istiklal Street has something for everyone.
- Dining: Enjoy a variety of dining options, from street food to upscale restaurants. Donโt miss trying some Turkish-style pizza, known as lahmacun.
- Entertainment: The street is often filled with street performers and musicians, adding to its lively vibe.
- Historic Tram: Take a ride on the nostalgic tram that runs up and down the street, offering a unique way to see the sights.
Istiklal Street is a long pedestrianized shopping street you might see in every city. It runs from Taksim Square down to Galata Tower. On both sides, youโll find a mix of modern and traditional shops, cafes, and cultural spots.
Whether youโre looking to shop, eat, or simply soak in the atmosphere, Istiklal Street offers a unique glimpse into the heart of Istanbul.
15. Fener and Balat
Fener and Balat are two of Istanbulโs most colorful and historic neighborhoods. These areas are known for their vibrant houses painted in various colors, reminiscent of Cinque Terre in Italy. Walking through the narrow streets, youโll find a mix of old churches, synagogues, and mosques, reflecting the areaโs diverse cultural heritage.
Top Things to Do in Fener and Balat
- Explore Balat: Known for its deep Jewish heritage, Balat offers a blend of history, art, and culture. Donโt miss the Rezan Has Museumโs collection of rare Urartian artifacts.
- Visit Chora Museum: This museum is famous for its stunning mosaics and frescoes that date back to the Byzantine era.
- Fatih Mosque and Complex: A significant Ottoman architectural masterpiece that offers a glimpse into the rich history of the area.
- Mihrimah Sultan Camii: Another beautiful mosque designed by the renowned architect Mimar Sinan.
Fener and Balat are perfect for those who love to explore off-the-beaten-path destinations. The neighborhoods offer a unique blend of history, culture, and vibrant street life.
16. Walls of Constantinople
The Walls of Constantinople are a must-see for history buffs visiting Istanbul. These massive walls, built in the 5th century, stretch for 3.5 miles from the Sea of Marmara to the Golden Horn. They were designed to protect Constantinople from invaders and were only breached twice: first during the Fourth Crusade in 1204 and later by the Ottoman invasion in 1453.
Walking along a portion of these walls offers a unique perspective of the city, overlooking the neighborhoods of Fener and Balat. Itโs a great way to step back in time and imagine the grandeur of ancient Constantinople.
17. Eyup Sultan Mosque
The Eyup Sultan Mosque is a significant religious site in Istanbul, located outside the main tourist areas. This mosque is less visited by tourists, offering a more authentic experience of the city. The mosque is named after Abu Ayyub al-Ansari, a close companion of the Prophet Mohammed, whose tomb is located here.
Visitors can enjoy a peaceful walk through the cemetery that surrounds the mosque. The walking trail leads uphill, providing a beautiful view of the Golden Horn and Istanbul. This area is a serene escape from the bustling city, making it a must-visit on your Turkey bucket list.
18. Hippodrome
The Hippodrome, built in the 4th century AD, was a grand arena for chariot races, gladiator games, and public ceremonies. Located near the Blue Mosque, it is a must-see for history enthusiasts. The site features two notable obelisks: the Obelisk of Theodosius, an ancient Egyptian monument, and the Walled Obelisk, which is younger despite its older appearance.
Today, the Hippodrome is a spacious public square where visitors can wander around and soak in the historical ambiance. The nearby attractions, such as the Blue Mosque, make it a convenient stop on your Istanbul itinerary.
19. Dolmabahce Palace
Dolmabahce Palace, located in the heart of Istanbul, is a must-see for anyone visiting the city. This palace was once the administrative center of the Ottoman Empire and showcases a mix of Baroque, Ottoman, and Neoclassical architecture. The palace is home to 46 halls and 285 rooms, each more stunning than the last.
Visitors will be amazed by the gold-adorned ceilings, Iznik tiles, and the worldโs largest Bohemian crystal chandelier. The palaceโs opulence is overwhelming, making it a highlight of any trip to Istanbul.
- Location: Viลnezade, Dolmabahรงe Cd., 34357 Beลiktaล/ฤฐstanbul, Turkey
- Timing: 9 amโ4 pm
- Recommended sightseeing time: 2 hours
- Adult Price: ยฃ9
The clocks in Dolmabahce Palace are all set to 9:05, the time when Ataturk, the founder of modern Turkey, passed away here on November 10, 1938.
20. Pigeon Valley
Pigeon Valley, located in Cappadocia, is a must-see for anyone visiting Turkey. This valley is famous for its unique rock formations and the thousands of pigeons that have made it their home. Itโs a great spot to witness Cappadociaโs unique landscape without needing much time if youโve already visited the Goreme Open Air Museum.
21. Oludeniz Beach
Oludeniz Beach is a must-visit destination in Turkey, known for its stunning Blue Lagoon and vibrant activities. This beach is part of the Oludeniz National Park, which charges a small entry fee. The serene vibes and warm waters make it worth every penny.
Top Things to Do in Oludeniz
- Paraglide over the Blue Lagoon: Experience the thrill of paragliding and enjoy breathtaking views of the lagoon.
- Swim in the Blue Lagoon: The calm, clear waters are perfect for a refreshing swim.
- Scuba Diving: Explore unique archaeological dive sites beneath the waves.
- Boat Trips: Discover the surrounding small coves and islands on a relaxing boat trip.
- Babadag Mountain Cable Car: Ride to the top for 360-degree views of the area.
- Nightlife: Enjoy the vibrant nightlife with various bars and clubs.
How to Get to Oludeniz
You can take a bus from nearby Antalya, a resort town on the south coast. The trip takes about 3.5 hours and costs around 20 TL (approximately USD 6).
Where to Stay Near Oludeniz
The best accommodations are near the beach and Blue Lagoon. The city center offers more options and a range of budgets. Alternatively, you can stay in nearby Fethiye and visit the Blue Lagoon for the day. A mid-range budget recommendation is The Pearl Oludeniz, a stunning property near Oludeniz Beach that offers a luxurious and tranquil retreat with top-notch amenities including a pool and spa.
Oludeniz Beach is not just a place to relax; itโs an adventure waiting to happen. From paragliding to exploring underwater archaeological sites, thereโs something for everyone.
22. Pamukkale
Pamukkale, meaning โCotton Castleโ in Turkish, is one of the most surreal places you can visit in Turkey. The white mineral deposits, known as travertines, make it look like youโre stepping on a cotton-covered hill. The milky-blue waters of the terraced hot spring pools are a sight to behold.
Top Things to Do in Pamukkale
- Walk the Pamukkale Travertines and soak in the milky blue waters
- Cost: 50 TL (~ USD 8) to enter
- Donโt skip a soak in Cleopatraโs Pool
- Cost: 100 TL (~ USD 16) to enter
- Discover the ancient ruins of Hierapolis
- Check out Hierapolis Archeological Museum
How to Get to Pamukkale
You can catch a bus from Istanbul to Denizli, which will take around 9-10 hours. Consider getting an overnight bus to save time. From Denizli, you will need to get on a minibus to complete the 30-minute drive to Pamukkale. Both Pamukkale Bus Company and Metro Bus Company offer regular routes between the two cities. Another option would be to rent a car in Istanbul and make the 6-hour drive.
Where to Stay in Pamukkale
When staying in Pamukkale, you wonโt have a ton of options. But new hotels are popping up every year. Here are a few highly-rated recommendations:
- Budget option: Pamukkale Melrose Viewpoint Suites
- Offering a swimming pool, sun terrace, and daily breakfast, youโll have a hard time finding a better option for your budget in Pamukkale. Plus, they have room sizes to fit families and larger groups.
Pamukkale is not just about the thermal pools. The ancient city of Hierapolis, perched atop the โCotton Castle,โ offers a glimpse into the past with its well-preserved ruins, including a theater that could seat 10,000 people.
23. Ephesus
Ephesus is a must-see ancient city in Turkey, known for its remarkably preserved ruins. Once a bustling trade center, it now stands as a UNESCO World Heritage site. Walking through Ephesus feels like stepping back in time.
24. Mount Nemrut
Mount Nemrut in southeastern Turkey is a must-see for history buffs and adventure seekers alike. This archaeological wonder dates back to the ancient kingdom of Commagene. At the summit, youโll find colossal statues of gods and kings, arranged around a sacred sanctuary. These statues, some reaching up to 10 meters in height, are truly awe-inspiring.
From the peak, which stands at 2134 meters (7,000 feet), you can enjoy breathtaking panoramic views, especially during sunrise or sunset. The ethereal glow over the landscape is unforgettable.
How to Get to Mount Nemrut
The nearest town to Mount Nemrut is Karadut. To get there, fly to Adฤฑyaman Airport (ADF), which is just over an hour away. From the airport, you can take a local bus or rent a car. Once you reach the car park at Mount Nemrut, youโll need to make a 600-meter trek to the summit. Keep in mind, that the altitude can make this hike challenging for some.
Where to Stay Near Mount Nemrut
The town of Kahta offers convenient access to Mount Nemrut and its famous statues. Kahta has a range of accommodation options, from hotels to guesthouses, catering to different budgets and preferences. Staying here allows you to enjoy the natural beauty of the surrounding area.
25. Cappadocia Hot Air Balloon Ride
Prepare yourself for an unforgettable journey with a Cappadocia hot air balloon flight and explore the inspiring landscapes of Gรถreme and its surroundings. This is arguably the most beautiful hot-air balloon ride in the world! Most mornings, hundreds of balloons take flight, drifting through wondrous valleys as the sun rises. Itโs a true once-in-a-lifetime experience!
How to Get There
Cappadocia has two major airports: Nevลehir Kapadokya Airport (NAV) and Kayseri Erkilet Airport (ASR). Both are under a 1.5-hour drive from Gรถreme. Depending on the season, you can fly into Cappadocia for less than USD 100 round-trip from Istanbul on Turkish Airlines. Another option is to take a bus from Istanbul or other cities in Western Turkey for about 200 TL (around USD 20).
Where to Stay
Here are a few top recommendations for different budgets:
- Budget: Falcon Cave Suites โ Around USD 25 per night. The room isnโt a cave per se but is made of stone bricks and has a high, arched ceiling.
- Mid-range: Local Cave House Hotel โ Offers cave suites for double, triple, and family-sized occupancy. Features a beautiful terrace with a swimming pool.
- Splurge: Sacred House โ A 250-year-old Greek mansion with a luxurious design, including an opulent indoor swimming pool and spa.
Top Tips
- Book your hot air balloon ride for your first morning. This gives you backup days in case the flight gets canceled, which isnโt uncommon.
- Besides the balloon ride, visit the Gรถreme Open Air Museum and hike in Love Valley, Rose Valley, or Red Valley.
The ethereal landscape dotted with formations dubbed as โfairy chimneysโ by the locals is made even more magical every morning as colorful hot air balloons dance across the sky.
Conclusion
Turkey is a land of endless wonders, blending rich history, stunning landscapes, and vibrant culture. From the bustling streets of Istanbul to the serene beaches of the Aegean coast, thereโs something for everyone. Whether youโre exploring ancient ruins, savoring delicious Turkish cuisine, or simply soaking in the breathtaking views, Turkey promises unforgettable experiences. As you plan your 2024 adventure, remember that every corner of this beautiful country has a story to tell. So pack your bags, follow your curiosity, and get ready to create memories that will last a lifetime.
Frequently Asked Questions
Do I need a visa to visit Turkey?
Yes, most travelers need a visa to visit Turkey. Some nationalities can get a visa on arrival, while others need to apply online before their trip.
Whatโs the best way to travel from Istanbul to Fethiye?
You can travel from Istanbul to Fethiye by plane, bus, or car. Flying is the quickest option, while buses and cars offer scenic views along the way.
Should I visit Istanbul or Cappadocia?
Both Istanbul and Cappadocia are amazing. Istanbul is great for history and culture, while Cappadocia offers unique landscapes and hot air balloon rides.
Is it a good idea to visit Turkey in winter?
Yes, visiting Turkey in winter can be a great experience. Some places like Istanbul and Cappadocia look magical in the snow, and there are fewer tourists.
What are some travel tips for Turkey?
Always carry some cash, respect local customs, and try learning a few basic Turkish phrases. Also, be cautious of your belongings in crowded places.
What is the Aegean Coast of Turkey like?
The Aegean Coast of Turkey is known for its beautiful beaches, ancient ruins, and charming towns. Itโs a great place for both relaxation and exploration.
What are some must-try foods in Turkey?
Donโt miss trying kebabs, baklava, Turkish delight, and mezes. Turkish tea and coffee are also a must-try.
How many days should I spend in Istanbul?
To see the main attractions, you should spend at least 3 to 4 days in Istanbul. More time allows for a deeper exploration of the city.
